2008.0606 Last Summary--Resistance!

Why we have to use microsoft. Internet explore ...?

is it must- item or our choice?

we can do that. such as FTA problems-importing problem on beef.!

but if we choose another thins not Microsoft.

we have trouble using the other programs.

We saw some video clips--- they told the virsus through E-mails.

and there are many kinds of things disturbing electronically.

_virus
_trojan horse
_worm
_bomb
_back door

I have an expericend on having a virus,Trojan horse-

It's too bad for my memory.

original purpose of Trojan horse

A program designed to break security or damage a system that is disguised as something else benign

Back Door..

some people made a hole with a viewing to the security.

Hacker try to use the hole.

--------->Do u know this pic???

this pic is scene of restroring the first worm virus made by
The Robert Tappan Morris - He originally intended to inspect of size of internet. but there are errors.

but it makes all of program stop and so he was accused.

Open souce- It is little bit. not suitable for capitalism society.

Do u know Apache,?? which runs over 50% of the world's web servers.- It's very stable.

Mozila- we can manage our file systems with firefox.

It is similar to each other.

nowadays there are a lot of pen source

so we can be easy to use tools or the other study.

At the last part of the class. we saw some hologram with a feature of a beautiful woman.

- I think It's the most suitable to our major...............

media.....

I've learned a lot of things over all related to information technology.

Actually evenif i'm a senior in my university. I don't know exactly about my major information.

so I'd like to know more exactly. That's why I enroll this class..

and I made a success of them.

very thanks to our Professor Yoon, /

~~~thanks again...........-

2008. 05. 24 Summary[public & privacy]

Differnce between Surveillance and Liberty.

as our society exists we have considered to choose which is better, more freedom or more surveillance.

I think we have to give uo one thing if we want the other thing.

but nowadays there are many surveillance systems such as CCTV.

so some people did that things. They seem like they were actors in the CCTV.

and then as our society develope, new surveillance

systems come out .

thesedays, some people are reaserching how to deal with surveillance.

NIDA - get the finger

Eigenfaces

and then just surveillance become to change into dataveillance.

#carnavor
#echelon
#total information awareness agency

capture model: is built upon linguistic metaphors and takes as its prototype the deliberate reorganization of industrial work activities to allow computers to track them [the work activities] in real time .

It is too difficult to devide a border between the privat and the public.

Principle of inefficency.- kind of why we arrange the desk.

an inefficiency that makes it harder for these technologies to be misused

architectures of privacy

from doors, windows and fences
to wires, networks, wireless networks, databases and search engines

we leanrned about the Cookies in the internet option.

cookies are information that a web server stores on the machine running a web browser
Apple's safari- NOt leave Cookie

Data mining

we can express two words

It is destriptive - we can arrange and sort.

It is also predictive - we can predict before we act.

so we can decide the pattern of consuming some products.

we need encyption(the process of transforming information)

we can be safety with encyption~~-> It keep our private things.

after finishing today's topic I'd like to sudy Data Mining for my sales goal.

maybe it wll be great for my lacking point.

2008. 05. 17 Human.

All media is prothesis????

Media is Extension OR Prothesis - artifical arms and wheelchairs.

------->khs7810k@empas.com

when we wake up, we usually use meida.

what expression is more fit into media?? Prothesis or Extension????

I wanna call media prothesis. Because nowadays media can be instead of manythins.

there is a proportion of the sense.

we can exchange the documents throughout the use of telex->fax->E-mail order.

and nowadays we don't need to remeber the way to somewhere.

because there are some navigators. even internationally.

and nowadays we can be more convenient with textmessage instead of meeting in person.

Danna harawa-2000 she said the comparison between the human and cyborg.

Edmond - He said the comparison between the human and the monkies.

BackGround - questions of identity.

~gender- women or men?

~race- black or white?

~sexuality- straight or gay?

~class - the rich or the poor?

Danna Harraway -2000

Film study- in our daily life, there are some markets and the relationship at the market, and the illusion of value.

In germany, they have a unique system - Teachers can decide student's future. because they have a great welfare system.

we thoufht about uncomfortable situation --------> Solution - Biopolitics

Chimera- It is a similar cyborg- we called it.- hybrid concepts.

how do u combine the separated people??????????????

we need to think about that.....................

05.09 summary of computer games

Do you know how difference they are?


The first one in Tomb raider.


The second is space invader.


we need to think about the game's background and inside working in the game.


pain station - During playing game. there are some instruments to give a loser pain.


so, Let's think about how do they work for computer games.



how do they work “behind the screen”?



how do they work from the perspective of an engineer?

how do they work “in front of the screen”?



how do they work for the audience or participant?





I recognized that there are some engines not only graphics but physics, ai part, etc...


*Mods


It means modification - as wee saw the game Tum Raider.


It was from Tom raider and there is a chubby man.


he was trying to get a food and sofa to lie on .
That is a funny game.
as we see besides game. there are maybe complicate programming.


What makes good game..
The good game is a much sold game. In fact we can't judge what is the good game.
The problem of making the game.
Private side : there are many ideas. but they can't make the game.
Company side : there are no stories. - no contents.
computer games get better and better on some sides, and get worse and worse on the other sides.
Two issues to consider from film theory.
1. Identification.- we are expected to be the main actor of the game.
2. Space.
there are different spaces between boy and girl.
-boy's space-
@produce hierarchies?
@vent aggressive feelings and competitively role- play. etc...
-girl's space-
secrets, romance.

For many people, what is being pursued in the video game is not just a score, but an altered state.
nowadays game
metaphysical machines
perfect mirrors
drugs
contests

as we thought about the old games including space war ,pong ,asteroids ,pac man , joust, adventure , we can remember those games. at that time I felt interesting in the game very simply.
Games and gender.
we prefer to choose the game as our gender.
gender is not a just sex.
Gender comes from our society.
In the end , we need to think about whether video games are hot or cool media?
I'd like to describe video games as a cool media.
because game is more interesting as we more take part in;
and nowadays video game is becoming more interactive so...
I think Video game is a cool media!!!!!
we will learn about prosthesis instead of media next week.

05.02 summary Computer Aid and Surveillance

-Computer Aid-
CAD - CAM
Before these didn't come out we have to draw in person with a pencil.
Drugs part - Nowadays they developed the structure of drugs with 3D.
computer can make time saved.
EX) In germany , Volkswagen.
they make the city village of making cars.
Surgery - In case of operation they use the computer and make correct.
In case of spaceship we don't have to calculate the path or orbit.
Instead of us computer do that.
surveillance
language action model.
conversation model.
they apply those to organization.
In wedding ------------->oath- not word.
->continue to perform action.
In case of messenger we can delete our taliking partner.
In Structure of Rulling they can put the center and surveillance .
so we can make our workk more efficent.
Socialogy is kind of some communication between the people.
Center - easy to access
ADSL - synchronizer- they can upload and download.
Wipi - google lanched.
second life - designed like a actual life.
media make peple. so we can be influenced by media.
we leaned about why the professor's office is located at fifth .
why main office is located at first.
Private space is our room in our home.
Centralize - control-> surveillance.
history
1791 - inveted the efficient way to watch prisoners. there is a conrol towel.
hospital
Enlightment --- how do we think
society has to be transparent.
there should no dark side. Infact give up essential liberty or efficienty.
-everybody can be surveilled by someone-
Grammar for actions.
how they commnucate with workers when we make computer games.
E-mail-->object of surveillance. we can know by connecting as a administrator.
Longtime ago surveillance system - used by the intention to make work efficent.
nowadays surveillance system - used by the intention to steal the private information.
we will learned about the opinion at the work with computergame.

summary. 4.25 fri.human-computer interaction

human-computer interaction

-point- People often interact with media technologies as though the technologies were people.


related ideas
1. Clifford and Nash, “the media equation”
2. Freud, transference
–see also Sherry Turkle on computers as “second selves” and as “evocative objects”
3. surrealists, “automatic writing” (recall Tristan Tzara’s “recipe”)
4. Mannheim/Schutz/Garfinkel, the “documentary method”

there are three parts of the related point

how should we treat technologies~~~.
how should we treat ohters? -1. like us
2. radically different

what makes believe someone or something is alive, thinking, or simply the same as us?

questions of aesthetics, goals and intentions
do objects, technologies and natural phenomena have goals and intentions?
or, do they just look like they have goals and intentions?
it is a little bit confusing.

1. If we view objects, technologies and natural phenomenon as if they do, in fact, have goals
and intentions, then we will design like an artificial intelligence researcher
2. If we view objects, technologies and natural phenomenon as if the just look like they have
goals and intentions, then we will design like a tool builder for human “users” or “operators” of
our tools.

as we learned history of HCI as tools : people.

(people)
Vannevar Bush: memex
J.C.R. Licklider: computer networking, agents
Ivan Sutherland: sketchpad
Doug Engelbart: mouse, GUI, word processing, etc.
Ted Nelson: hypertextAlan Kay: object-oriented programming, laptops etc,

(systems)
–Memex: 1945 (concept)
–Sketchpad 1963
–NLS (oNLine System) - 1963-68
–Xerox Alto 1972, Xerox Star 1981------------------------------>terminal??mainframe---connetct----------the other computer.
–Apple Lisa 1983, Mac 1984, NeXT 1988
–Macintosh Powerbook 1991
–WWW ~1994

(funding)


–Military: Navy, Air Force, ARPA, DARPA
–Universities: MIT, Stanford, CMU, UC
–Government: National Science Foundation 1950-now
–Companies: Xerox PARC: 1970-now, Apple – NeXT
–simple example..using webcam ------>we can control delay and bold from trace.

where does HCI meet AI?
--basic design question: should the computer act like a person?

agents versus “direct manipulation”

even “direct-manipulation” interfaces are based on a “conversation” metaphor: the computer responds immediately to each action or command from the “user” ->....>it depends on circumstance.
two models of conversation
1.
–information/intention transmission
2.
–co-construction of meaning
we saw a movie.---and we could learn frome them.

–lesson from “Sleeper”
1) Reliability
2) Personalization
3) if it isn’t broken, don’t fix it
4) intuitive UI design
@@question for today@@

what problem does Weizenbaum’s ELIZA system address or solve?
–the artificial intelligence answer: it does (or does not) behave like a human and is therefore
successful (or not successful)
–the ethnomethodology answer: it is taken to be a like a person in a conversation and thus
simply works like most other technologies in a social situation.
-------->computer doesn't count on us!!!
Johnstone’s “algorithm”--->there are some rules on the conversation.
ethnomethodology: a definition

Ethnomethodology simply means the study of the ways in which people make sense of their social world.
Ethnomethodology is a fairly recent sociological perspective, founded by the American sociologist Harold Garfinkel in the early 1960s. The main ideas behind it are set out in his book "Studies in Ethnomethodology
Ethnomethodology differs from other sociological perspectives in one very important respect

Ethnomethodologists assume that social order is illusory.
They believe that social life merely appears to be orderly; in reality it is potentially chaotic. For them social order is constructed in the minds of social actors as society confronts the individual as a series of sense impressions and experiences which she or he must somehow organize into a coherent pattern.
-Lucy Suchman
she is one of the primary people working in the fields of participatory design (pd) and computer-supported cooperative work

How do people make sense of the world
????---------->!!“documentary method"!!
The method consists of treating an actual appearance as ‘the document of,’ as ‘pointing to,’ as ‘standing on behalf of’ a presupposed underlying pattern. The method is recognizable for the everyday necessities of recognizing what a person is ‘talking about’ given that he does not say exactly what he means, or in recognizing such common occurrences and objects as mailmen, friendly gestures, and promises
cONcULSION- As for that I could learn the new terminology.- documentary method and Ethnomethodology. but its a little bit difficult for me to understand. so i'm tying to configure them.^^
Fighting!!

summary 4.11

~ artificial intelligence (AI)
outline
Turing
gender -game
GPS
TALESPIN

Alan Turing-
Founder of computer science, artificial intelligence, mathematician, philosopher, codebreaker, and a gay man(so afterall there was a problem and he suicided.)
$-Imitation game-$
there are three rooms for people- woman, man, interrogator.
and then if interrogator asked both. and they pretend to be man or woman.
so it's difficult for interrogator to match them.
More on~~~->Turing test.
it is very similar way to Imitation game.
There are three.- Interrogator. a person, and computer.
so as the same way before. ---->interrogator has a role of matching which is a person.


which of the other two is the man and which is the woman
after all these games make us have a quesetion----- Can machines think??

@1936: The Turing machine, computability, universal machine

@1938-39: Return to Cambridge. Introduced to German Enigma cipher machine

@1939-42: Breaking of U-boat Enigma, saving battle of the Atlantic
@1943-45: Chief Anglo-American crypto consultant. Electronic work.
@1945: National Physical Laboratory, London

@1949: First serious mathematical use of a computer
@1950: The Turing Test for machine intelligence
@1951: Elected FRS. Non-linear theory of biological growth

@1954 (7 June): Death (suicide) by cyanide poisoning

artificial intelligence: research areas

1 Knowledge Representation
2 Programming Languages
3 Natural Language (e.g., Story) Understanding
4 Speech Understanding
5 Vision
6 Robotics
7 Machine Learning
8 Planning
GPS- GPS is what is known in AI as a “planner.” - it is a computer program for theorems proof, geometric problems and chess playing

A problem with ai planning

frame problem (our physical symbol system broke the law of representation in a situation.

* the problem of deciding what parts of the internal model to update when a change is made to the model or the external world. (How does one keep track of the frame of reference of an operation (transformation)? In particular, what changes and what stays the same when an operator is applied to the representation of a state? )-
This says these are in frame, but we sometimes intervene with them ->>>>it is not any more Aritificical intelligence.!!
Tailspin -Story generation programs
Examples of Tale-spin’s missing common sense - Schizophrenia can be dis-functional.

FRUMP: Fast Reading Understanding and Memory Program

Eliza-as a solution of A computer Program for the Study of Natural Language -

Huge Harry-Representative of Institute of Artificial Art Amsterdam.

my opinion- It's stiil difficult to make a perfect AI.
because they have to be updated automatically. and there are some problem concerned
with thinking.
Today, I thought about AI besides me.---it will be strange and amazing.

summary 4 (2008.04.04)

Review

url, html, http

when technologies connect or separate people, they become media.
Tehchnologies embody social, political, cultural, economic and philosophical ideas and relationships.
New media -> old media (not replaced!!!!)
people <-> media they can make each other.!~!
new media - 1 reinforce existing social networks.
2 work to isolate people.

When new media technologies facilitate new social networks, they simultaneously challenge existing social, political and economic relationships.


social network analysis is an interdisciplinary social science ,but more emphasized on sociologists.


physicists and mathematicians have made large contributions to understanding networks in general (as graphs) and thus contributed to an understanding of social networks too.

Stanley Milgram (1967) “The Small World Problem had a experiment by sending letter.

The participants could only pass the letters (by hand) to personal acquaintances who they thought might be able to reach the target - whether directly or via a "friend of a friend".
“six-degrees of separation”----------->they could connect with the wife for six degrees.


Mark Granovetter

acquaintances are more valuable than friends -------> weak relationship > strong relationship .
ex) getting a job.

social networks as science:
equivalence - they connect to the same people


centrality - one pesrson is central. some person doesn't belong to them.

if you connect separate networks you have bridging capital (“the guy”)

if you are central to a network you have bonding capital (“diane”)

bowling alone- When new media technologies facilitate new social networks, they simultaneously challenge existing social, political and economic relationships after the second world war .

@social networks as technology

email, newsgroups, and weblogs from arpanet.
Amazon- online book store. very useful for us~!!!!
collaborative filtering and/or recommender systems.


social networks as popular culture - six degrees of kevin--- bacon bacon means 1 chon?

Google bombing - miserable failure

members of an online community can affect the results of Google searches - called "Google bombing" - by linking their sites to a chosen one.

social networks as popular culture- danah- rethink , repurpose.

social networks as art

Friendster Map : ex) cyworld

Mark Lombardi draw some relation ship using pen and paper by hand.

visualizing (social) networks - cyber geography----how networks can be visualized.

My opinion
after I visited http://www.theyrule.net/2004/tr2.php I got surprised.! wow
I can connet to all of them and also can go directly someone's company webpage.
I can expand relations gradually..
I have a question. I don't understand danah's case.

summary 3 (03.28)

~www: the world-wide web~

Review + alpha
When a medium is new, it is often used to simulate old media.
New media do not replace old media, they displace them.

People make media and then media make people. It has an interaction.

www->w3 orgin(motivation)

The WWW was developed to be a pool of human knowledge, which would allow collaborators in remote sites to share their ideas and all aspects of a common project.
but there are some problems, originally the work was to provide a graphical interface to a set of distributed files used in physics project management at CERN (Conseil Européen pour la Recherche Nucléaire)
-Roots of the technology -

bush’s memex; nelson’s writings on hypertext; berners-lee’s early implementations

so It's the thinking of gatering information from eachother when they had the same project .
They needed to save the time and efforts.

-organizations and standards

we need standards in an effort to collaborate writing.

standard is the result of negotiations or conflict.
we learned about who wrote the standards.
ISO : International standards organization.
they upgrade by using these principle.
1. Consensus
2. Voluntary
3. Industry-wide

IETF: Internet engineering task force.

RFC: request for comments

w3c: world-wide web consortium -->My opinion: It's too expesive to sign up for them.
---------------------------Second class of this week------------------------------
URI : It declares somthing, it is a address system which the project implemented to make this world possible, despite many diffenet protocols.

URN : locator --if you write the name and there are some appointment which follows http or ftp and then declare the location.

html : old type of language from SGML

ftp : file transfer protocol
smtp : simple mail transfer protocol
nntp : network news transfer protocol
Visit the [www.whatis.com]

The www is a vast, heterogeneous network of people and machines.

what is a web crawler?
It's a robot that is a program or automated script which browses the world wide web in a methodical, automated manner.


shredder : Content become abstraction. Text becomes graphics. Information becomes art.
-our web is acually complexity of mixture code and hard driver-

my thought : It's getting more interesting to study of history concerned with web.
but there are some strange think like shredder- I envy their ability to foresee and
the way of thinking object.
I will be ~~~after finishing this term.^^

Assignment 2

Hypertext : aw we may write.
Review Key point : The concept of media - Technologies is not just skill, but it can
connect or separate people like our cars.
Technologies embody social, political....and relationships
Above all, I thought of digital media. I think digital media is one of media that can be synthesized by network with 0, 1 electronically. oppsite meaning of alalog.
but after I studied the hypertext in our class. I realized that it's the new way to express by writing, reading and thinking.
In the class
Origin of thinking o Augmenting human intellect.
-Tristan Tzara's recipe for composing a poem.
-William Burroughs,“Origin and Theory of the Tape Cut ups(as we saw kind of movie)
engelbar started to think of augmenting human intellect.
before he thought that every person accomplish their project by himself. so he wanted to work from not bottom of project if he wanted to be taken over other's project.
eventually he invernted the mouse and workstation and networking system.
when he explained the concept of recent hypertext, he used those items.
*Very importanthing*
augmenting human intelllect-
=better & faster comprehension + better & faster & more solution to problems.
1960
-> from this year batch processing become to appear.
Why he thought about augmenting human intellect??
man's population and gross product are increasing at a cosiderable rate, but th ecomplexity of his problem grows still faster, and the urgency with which solutions must be found becomes steadily greater in response the increased rate of activity and the increasingly global nature of that activity - Engelbart -1962
H-LAM/T system meaning - two parts
1. Human part- represented bt the system
2. machine part - represented by the artifacts

my opinion and question - like the "as we may say" after engelbart saw the memex
he thought very innovative things. Above all I surprised by inventing the mouse.
and he could explain the concept of hypertext(for augmenting human intellect)with
the mouse.
but is it useful for cooperating the work they have at that time?.if they had
disaggrement, how he could correct them?
and I want to know more H-LAM/T~~
~~~Thanks for great teaching~~~

summary~~~

정보통신개론 알아가기

^^ Let's go to Study!!!
Assignment 1. Welcome to the present - in this sentence ~the present means all things we can share at the present. mentally and physically...From last wednesday, in the class, we learned about the history of the Media. Like that egg white connect between a powder and walls~and like that a car connect from one place to another place, our media can connect with technologies and social, political, cultural, ecomomic and the other relationshps.
but it take an effect only if their transmission system is good enough to restore and retrieve as Vannevar Bush Said. -"record is important"-
Last week during the class as our professor refered to Vannevar bush, he thought great thinking some machine kind of recent scanner.
he wanted to restore record with the new way such as associative indexing. evenif there were some problem with economic, labor. and so he designed the memex. The memex has influenced the development of subsequential hypertext and intellect augmenting computer systems.

My persona opinion : At first I was also amazed like most of peple at the thinking of the memex long time ago. and Vannevar bush must have had foresightedness over the future.
and I strongly agree with his thinking. If we have a great system to remeber and retrieve our memory for a long time. we don't have to waste our effort and we can use our memory to elevate our personal thins and our everything related to science.
..I think we still have much information to learn from the past. How about having a personal record system? for..our future..